This project examines how Indigenous small-scale fisheries experience and respond to climate change impacts. It raises the question of whether fundamentally different small-scale fisheries react to climate change in similar (or different) ways and what their policy implications are. By studying how Inuit fishers in Pangnirtung, Nunavut, and Coastal Vedda fishers in Kunjankalkulam, Sri Lanka, adapt to environmental and socio-economic changes, the research develops a conceptual framework for assessing community adaptations. A comparative analysis of these two cases provides insights into shared vulnerabilities, adaptation strategies, and policy opportunities. This project is Eranga's PhD research.