This study explores how non-climatic factors interact with climate change to influence food security among Arctic Indigenous Peoples. The research aims to assess (1) the geographic focus of existing literature, (2) key non-climatic factors shaping food security, and (3) adaptive capacities in response to these challenges. A systematic literature review of 170 peer-reviewed articles was conducted using mixed method approach. Findings highlight regional research gaps, dominant non-climatic stressors (such as economic, institutional and socio-cultural/behavioral) and adaptive responses including food sharing, livelihood diversification, and migration. The study offers insights for policymakers to strengthen Indigenous food systems and guide culturally grounded, adaptive strategies in the pan-Arctic.